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  <access authSystem="knb" order="allowFirst" scope="document">
    <allow>
      <principal>uid=ARC,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org</principal>
      <permission>all</permission>
    </allow>
    <allow>
      <principal>public</principal>
      <permission>read</permission>
    </allow>
  </access>
  <dataset>
    <alternateIdentifier>ArcticLTER_Lakes_Toolik_JulyEpiCond.03</alternateIdentifier>
    <title>Average Epilimnetic Conductivity from 1992 to present in Tooli Lake, Arctic LTER, Alaska.</title>
    <creator id="pers-1">
      <organizationName>Arctic LTER Program</organizationName>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Anne</givenName>
        <surName>Giblin</surName>
      </individualName>
      <address>
        <deliveryPoint>Marine Biological Laboratory</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint>Ecosystems Center</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint>7 MBL Street</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Woods Hole</city>
        <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>02543</postalCode>
        <country>United States of America</country>
      </address>
    </creator>
    <creator id="pers-2">
      <organizationName>Arctic LTER Program</organizationName>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Christopher</givenName>
        <surName>Luecke</surName>
      </individualName>
      <address>
        <deliveryPoint>Utah State University</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint>Department of Watershed Science</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Logan</city>
        <administrativeArea>UT</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>84322-5210</postalCode>
        <country>United States of America</country>
      </address>
    </creator>
    <creator id="pers-3">
      <organizationName>Arctic LTER Program</organizationName>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>George</givenName>
        <surName>Kling</surName>
      </individualName>
      <address>
        <deliveryPoint>University of Michigan</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint>830 North University</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Ann Arbor</city>
        <administrativeArea>MI</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>48109-1048</postalCode>
        <country>United States of America</country>
      </address>
    </creator>
    <metadataProvider>
      <organizationName>Arctic LTER Program</organizationName>
      <address>
        <deliveryPoint>The Ecosystems Center</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint>Marine Biological Lab</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint>7 MBL St</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Woods Hole</city>
        <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>02543</postalCode>
        <country>USA</country>
      </address>
      <phone phonetype="voice">(508) 289 7496</phone>
      <electronicMailAddress>arc_im@mbl.edu</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl>http://ecosystems.mbl.edu/ARC/</onlineUrl>
    </metadataProvider>
    <associatedParty>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Dan</givenName>
        <surName>White</surName>
      </individualName>
      <address>
        <deliveryPoint>Marine Biological Laboratory</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint>Ecosystems Center</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint>7 MBL Street</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Woods Hole</city>
        <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>02543</postalCode>
        <country>United States of America</country>
      </address>
      <role>Associated Researcher</role>
    </associatedParty>
    <pubDate>2010</pubDate>
    <abstract>
      <para>Average conductivity of the epilimnion (0-3m of water depth) found in Toolik Lake during the month of July.</para>
    </abstract>
    <keywordSet>
      <keyword>chemistry</keyword>
      <keyword>hydrolab</keyword>
      <keyword>conductivity</keyword>
      <keyword>aquatic</keyword>
      <keyword>aquatic ecosystems</keyword>
      <keyword>arctic</keyword>
      <keyword>freshwater</keyword>
      <keyword>lakes</keyword>
      <keyword>limnology</keyword>
      <keyword>physical</keyword>
      <keyword>specific conductivity</keyword>
      <keyword>epilimnion</keyword>
      <keyword>summer</keyword>
    </keywordSet>
    <intellectualRights>
      <para>Acceptance and utilization of LTER data requires that:</para>
      <para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>The Principal Investigator be sent a notice stating reasons for acquiring any data and a description of the publication intentions.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>The Principal Investigator of the data set be sent a copy of the report or manuscript prior to submission and be adequately cited in any resultant publications</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>A copy of any resultant publications should be sent to: 
            <literalLayout>
Principal Investigator
Ecosystems Center
Marine Biological Laboratory
Woods Hole, MA 02543
</literalLayout></para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </para>
    </intellectualRights>
    <distribution>
      <online>
        <url>http://ecosystems.mbl.edu/ARC/meta_template.php?FileName=./lakes/physchem/xlsfiles/ArcticLTER_Lakes_Toolik_JulyEpiCond.html</url>
      </online>
    </distribution>
    <coverage>
      <geographicCoverage id="GEO-1">
        <geographicDescription>Toolik Lake, Main Station</geographicDescription>
        <boundingCoordinates>
          <westBoundingCoordinate>-149.60407</westBoundingCoordinate>
          <eastBoundingCoordinate>-149.60407</eastBoundingCoordinate>
          <northBoundingCoordinate>68.63293</northBoundingCoordinate>
          <southBoundingCoordinate>68.63293</southBoundingCoordinate>
        </boundingCoordinates>
      </geographicCoverage>
      <temporalCoverage>
        <rangeOfDates>
          <beginDate>
            <calendarDate>1992-07-01</calendarDate>
          </beginDate>
          <endDate>
            <calendarDate>2009-07-01</calendarDate>
          </endDate>
        </rangeOfDates>
      </temporalCoverage>
    </coverage>
    <maintenance>
      <description>
        <para>added data from 1992-2000</para>
        <para>For version .02 data back to 1977 was added, added in conductivity data at depth and daily average, added depth and temperature data, "Sheet 1" was left attached as a yearly summary</para>
        <para>Version 3: Updated metadata to newer form (with sites sheet). CH April 2013.</para>
      </description>
    </maintenance>
    <contact system="knb" id="im">
      <positionName>Data Manager</positionName>
      <address>
        <deliveryPoint>The Ecosystems Center</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint>Marine Biological Lab</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint>7 MBL St</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Woods Hole</city>
        <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>02543</postalCode>
        <country>USA</country>
      </address>
      <phone phonetype="voice">(508) 289 7496</phone>
      <electronicMailAddress>arc_im@mbl.edu</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl>http://ecosystems.mbl.edu/ARC/</onlineUrl>
    </contact>
    <publisher>
      <organizationName>ARC LTER</organizationName>
      <address>
        <deliveryPoint>The Ecosystems Center</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint>Marine Biological Lab</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint>7 MBL St</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Woods Hole</city>
        <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>02543</postalCode>
        <country>USA</country>
      </address>
      <phone phonetype="voice">(508) 289 7496</phone>
      <electronicMailAddress>arc_im@mbl.edu</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl>http://ecosystems.mbl.edu/ARC/</onlineUrl>
    </publisher>
    <methods>
      <methodStep>
        <description>
          <para>
            <literalLayout>
For Data from 2007 thru 2009 measurements were taken with a DS5 Hydrolab Datasonde. Depth reading on sonde was calibrated in the field so that a depth of 0m was the water surface. For profiles, measurements were taken at surface (~0m) then at 1m intervals until bottom. Measurements were recorded on a Surveyor 4 Datalogger. 
For Data from 2001 thru 2006 measurements were taken with a DS4a Hydrolab Datasonde. Depth reading on sonde was calibrated in the field so that a depth of 0m was the water surface. For profiles, measurements were taken at surface (~0m) then at 1m intervals until bottom. Measurements were recorded on a Surveyor 4 Datalogger. 
For Data from  1993 thru 2000 measurements were taken with a Hydrolab H20-BT STd multiprobe. For profiles, measurements were taken at surface (~0m) then at 1m intervals until bottom. Measurements were recorded on a Surveyor 3 Datalogger. 
For Data from  1977 thru 1992 measurements were taken with a YSI model 33 conductivity meter. For profiles, measurements were taken at surface (~0m) then at 1m intervals until bottom.

Daily average specific conductance of the epilimnion was calculated as the mean of all conductivity measurements from the water's surface to three meters of depth on a particular day. 

Yearly average specific conductance of the epilimnion was calculated as the mean of all daily average specific conductance of the epilmnion values.

The "Sheet 1" worksheet contains a summary of yearly average specific conductance of the epilimnion values from the "Julyepi" worksheet. 
</literalLayout>
          </para>
        </description>
        <protocol>
          <title>Protocol</title>
          <creator>
            <references>pers-1</references>
          </creator>
          <distribution>
            <online>
              <url>http://ecosystems.mbl.edu/ARC/lakes/protocols.html</url>
            </online>
          </distribution>
          <proceduralStep>
            <description>
              <para></para>
            </description>
          </proceduralStep>
        </protocol>
      </methodStep>
    </methods>
    <project>
      <title>Arctic Long-Term Ecological Research (ARC LTER) Program</title>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
          <givenName>John</givenName>
          <surName>Hobbie</surName>
        </individualName>
        <address>
          <deliveryPoint>The Ecosystems Center</deliveryPoint>
          <deliveryPoint>Marine Biological Lab</deliveryPoint>
          <deliveryPoint>7 MBL St</deliveryPoint>
          <city>Woods Hole</city>
          <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
          <postalCode>02543</postalCode>
          <country>USA</country>
        </address>
        <phone phonetype="voice">(508) 289 7496</phone>
        <electronicMailAddress>jhobbie@mbl.edu</electronicMailAddress>
        <role>Lead PI</role>
      </personnel>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
          <givenName>Gus</givenName>
          <surName>Shaver</surName>
        </individualName>
        <address>
          <deliveryPoint>The Ecosystems Center</deliveryPoint>
          <deliveryPoint>Marine Biological Lab</deliveryPoint>
          <deliveryPoint>7 MBL St</deliveryPoint>
          <city>Woods Hole</city>
          <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
          <postalCode>02543</postalCode>
          <country>USA</country>
        </address>
        <phone phonetype="voice">(508) 289 7496</phone>
        <electronicMailAddress>gshaver@mbl.edu</electronicMailAddress>
        <role>Lead PI</role>
      </personnel>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
          <givenName>Jim</givenName>
          <surName>Laundre</surName>
        </individualName>
        <address>
          <deliveryPoint>The Ecosystems Center</deliveryPoint>
          <deliveryPoint>Marine Biological Lab</deliveryPoint>
          <deliveryPoint>7 MBL St</deliveryPoint>
          <city>Woods Hole</city>
          <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
          <postalCode>02543</postalCode>
          <country>USA</country>
        </address>
        <phone phonetype="voice">(508) 289 7496</phone>
        <electronicMailAddress>arc_imr@mbl.edu</electronicMailAddress>
        <role>Information Manager</role>
      </personnel>
      <abstract>
        <para>
          <literalLayout>
The goal of Arctic LTER project is to predict the future ecological characteristics of the site based upon our knowledge of the controls of ecosystem structure and function as exerted by physical setting and geologic factors, climatic factors, biotic factors, and the changes in fluxes of water and materials from land to water. To achieve this goal the Arctic LTER uses several approaches:

Long-term monitoring and surveys of natural variation of ecosystem characteristics in space and time. Includes: climate, plant communities and productivity, thaw depth, stream flow, chemistry of streams and lakes, temperatures of streams and lakes, lake chlorophyll lake productivity, zooplankton abundance. 

Experimental manipulation of ecosystems for years and decades. Includes: tundra warming, shading, and fertilizing, grazer exclusions, fertilization of lakes and streams, addition and subtraction of predators. 

Synthesis of results and predictive modeling at ecosystem and watershed scales. Includes: stream N cycling, lake physics, bioenergetics of fish populations, water movement and transfer of DOC and nutrients from land to water, soil respiration, cycling and storage of C in tundra under different scenarios of future climates.
</literalLayout>
        </para>
      </abstract>
      <funding>
        <para>This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants #DEB-981022, 9211775, 8702328; #OPP-9911278, 9911681, 9732281, 9615411, 9615563, 9615942, 9615949, 9400722, 9415411, 9318529; #BSR 9019055, 8806635, 8507493. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in the material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.</para>
      </funding>
      <studyAreaDescription>
        <coverage>
          <geographicCoverage>
            <geographicDescription>The Arctic LTER research site (68&#176;N and 149&#176;W) is in the foothills region of the North Slope of Alaska and includes the entire Toolik Lake watershed and the adjacent watershed of the upper Kuparuk River, down to the confluence of these two watersheds. This area is typical of the northern foothills of the Brooks Range, with continuous permafrost, no trees, a complete snow cover for 7 to 9 months, winter ice cover on lakes, streams, and ocean, and cessation of river flow during the winter. Tussock tundra vegetation of sedges and grasses mixed with dwarf birch and low willows form the dominant vegetation type with areas of drier heath tundra on ridge tops and other well-drained sites as well as areas of river-bottom willow communities.</geographicDescription>
            <boundingCoordinates>
              <westBoundingCoordinate>-149.75</westBoundingCoordinate>
              <eastBoundingCoordinate>-149.0433</eastBoundingCoordinate>
              <northBoundingCoordinate>68.8</northBoundingCoordinate>
              <southBoundingCoordinate>68.5</southBoundingCoordinate>
              <boundingAltitudes>
                <altitudeMinimum>610</altitudeMinimum>
                <altitudeMaximum>1360</altitudeMaximum>
                <altitudeUnits>meter</altitudeUnits>
              </boundingAltitudes>
            </boundingCoordinates>
          </geographicCoverage>
        </coverage>
      </studyAreaDescription>
    </project>
    <dataTable>
      <entityName>ArcticLTER_Lakes_Toolik_JulyEpiCond.csv</entityName>
      <entityDescription>Average Epilimnetic Conductivity from 1992 to present in Tooli Lake, Arctic LTER, Alaska.</entityDescription>
      <physical>
        <objectName>ArcticLTER_Lakes_Toolik_JulyEpiCond.csv</objectName>
        <dataFormat>
          <textFormat>
            <numHeaderLines>1</numHeaderLines>
            <recordDelimiter>\r\n</recordDelimiter>
            <attributeOrientation>column</attributeOrientation>
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              <fieldDelimiter>,</fieldDelimiter>
              <quoteCharacter>"</quoteCharacter>
            </simpleDelimited>
          </textFormat>
        </dataFormat>
        <distribution>
          <online>
            <url>http://metacat.lternet.edu/das/dataAccessServlet?docid=knb-lter-arc.10093&amp;urlTail=lakes/physchem/data/ArcticLTER_Lakes_Toolik_JulyEpiCond.csv</url>
          </online>
        </distribution>
      </physical>
      <attributeList>
        <attribute id=" att0.1">
          <attributeName>Site</attributeName>
          <attributeLabel>Site</attributeLabel>
          <attributeDefinition>Site Name: Name of the lake where measurements were taken. There are discrete sampling sites defined by water depth, generally they are at the point of maximum depth.</attributeDefinition>
          <measurementScale>
            <nominal>
              <nonNumericDomain>
                <enumeratedDomain>
                  <codeDefinition>
                    <code>Toolik Main</code>
                    <definition>the main sampling station on Toolik Lake's largest basin</definition>
                  </codeDefinition>
                </enumeratedDomain>
              </nonNumericDomain>
            </nominal>
          </measurementScale>
        </attribute>
        <attribute id=" att0.2">
          <attributeName>Date</attributeName>
          <attributeLabel>Date</attributeLabel>
          <attributeDefinition>Date readings were taken on.</attributeDefinition>
          <measurementScale>
            <dateTime>
              <formatString>dd-mon-yyyy</formatString>
            </dateTime>
          </measurementScale>
        </attribute>
        <attribute id=" att0.3">
          <attributeName>Dep_m</attributeName>
          <attributeLabel>Dep_m</attributeLabel>
          <attributeDefinition>Depth of water measurement taken at starting from the surface as 0.</attributeDefinition>
          <measurementScale>
            <ratio>
              <unit>
                <standardUnit>meter</standardUnit>
              </unit>
              <numericDomain>
                <numberType>real</numberType>
              </numericDomain>
            </ratio>
          </measurementScale>
          <missingValueCode>
            <code>.=Missing or Not Measured</code>
            <codeExplanation>code for missing values</codeExplanation>
          </missingValueCode>
        </attribute>
        <attribute id=" att0.4">
          <attributeName>Temp_C</attributeName>
          <attributeLabel>Temp_C</attributeLabel>
          <attributeDefinition>Water temperature at depth.</attributeDefinition>
          <measurementScale>
            <interval>
              <unit>
                <standardUnit>celsius</standardUnit>
              </unit>
              <numericDomain>
                <numberType>real</numberType>
              </numericDomain>
            </interval>
          </measurementScale>
          <missingValueCode>
            <code>.=Missing or Not Measured</code>
            <codeExplanation>code for missing values</codeExplanation>
          </missingValueCode>
        </attribute>
        <attribute id=" att0.5">
          <attributeName>Cond_uS</attributeName>
          <attributeLabel>Cond_uS</attributeLabel>
          <attributeDefinition>Specific conductivity of the water at depth corrected to 25C.</attributeDefinition>
          <measurementScale>
            <ratio>
              <unit>
                <customUnit>microsiemenPerCentimeter</customUnit>
              </unit>
              <numericDomain>
                <numberType>real</numberType>
              </numericDomain>
            </ratio>
          </measurementScale>
          <missingValueCode>
            <code>.=Missing or Not Measured</code>
            <codeExplanation>code for missing values</codeExplanation>
          </missingValueCode>
        </attribute>
        <attribute id=" att0.6">
          <attributeName>Daily_Avg_Cond_uS</attributeName>
          <attributeLabel>Daily_Avg_Cond_uS</attributeLabel>
          <attributeDefinition>Daily average specific conductivity of the epilimnion (0-3m of depth) corrected to 25C.</attributeDefinition>
          <measurementScale>
            <ratio>
              <unit>
                <customUnit>microsiemenPerCentimeter</customUnit>
              </unit>
              <numericDomain>
                <numberType>real</numberType>
              </numericDomain>
            </ratio>
          </measurementScale>
          <missingValueCode>
            <code>.=Missing or Not Measured</code>
            <codeExplanation>code for missing values</codeExplanation>
          </missingValueCode>
        </attribute>
        <attribute id=" att0.7">
          <attributeName>Yearly_Avg_Cond_uS</attributeName>
          <attributeLabel>Yearly_Avg_Cond_uS</attributeLabel>
          <attributeDefinition>Yearly average specific conductivity of the epilimnion (0-3m of depth) corrected to 25C.</attributeDefinition>
          <measurementScale>
            <ratio>
              <unit>
                <customUnit>microsiemenPerCentimeter</customUnit>
              </unit>
              <numericDomain>
                <numberType>real</numberType>
              </numericDomain>
            </ratio>
          </measurementScale>
          <missingValueCode>
            <code>.=Missing or Not Measured</code>
            <codeExplanation>code for missing values</codeExplanation>
          </missingValueCode>
        </attribute>
      </attributeList>
      <numberOfRecords>534</numberOfRecords>
    </dataTable>
    <otherEntity>
      <entityName>ArcticLTER_Lakes_Toolik_JulyEpiCond.xls</entityName>
      <entityDescription>An excel file that has worksheets with the metadata and data.</entityDescription>
      <physical scope="document">
        <objectName>ArcticLTER_Lakes_Toolik_JulyEpiCond.xls</objectName>
        <dataFormat>
          <externallyDefinedFormat>
            <formatName>Microsoft Excel</formatName>
          </externallyDefinedFormat>
        </dataFormat>
        <distribution scope="document">
          <online>
            <url>http://metacat.lternet.edu/das/dataAccessServlet?docid=knb-lter-arc.10093&amp;urlTail=lakes/physchem/xlsfiles/ArcticLTER_Lakes_Toolik_JulyEpiCond.xls</url>
          </online>
        </distribution>
      </physical>
      <entityType>Microsoft Excel file</entityType>
    </otherEntity>
  </dataset>
  <additionalMetadata>
    <metadata>
      <unitList>
        <unit name="microsiemenPerCentimeter" unitType="conductance" id="microsiemenPerCentimeter" parentSI="" multiplierToSI="">
          <description>conductivity unit</description>
        </unit>
      </unitList>
    </metadata>
  </additionalMetadata>
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