<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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  <dataset>
    <alternateIdentifier>MON-EX-PRNWR-Volunteer-Birds.01</alternateIdentifier>
    <title>Bird observations collected by volunteers along census tracks in the Parker River National Wildlife Refuge, intervals of observations are approximately twice a month.</title>
    <creator id="pers-1">
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Nancy</givenName>
        <surName>Pau</surName>
      </individualName>
      <address>
        <deliveryPoint>Parker River National Wildlife Refuge</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint>6 Plum Island Turnpike</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint></deliveryPoint>
        <city>Newburyport</city>
        <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>01950</postalCode>
        <country>USA</country>
      </address>
    </creator>
    <metadataProvider>
      <organizationName>Plum Island Ecosystems LTER Program</organizationName>
      <address>
        <deliveryPoint>The Ecosystems Center</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint>Marine Biological Lab</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint>7 MBL St</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Woods Hole</city>
        <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>02543</postalCode>
        <country>USA</country>
      </address>
      <phone phonetype="voice">(508) 289 7485</phone>
      <electronicMailAddress>pie_im@mbl.edu</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl>http://ecosystems.mbl.edu/PIE/</onlineUrl>
    </metadataProvider>
    <associatedParty>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Deborah</givenName>
        <surName>Melvin</surName>
      </individualName>
      <role>additional investigator</role>
    </associatedParty>
    <associatedParty>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Robert</givenName>
        <surName>Buchsbaum</surName>
      </individualName>
      <role>additional investigator</role>
    </associatedParty>
    <pubDate>2004</pubDate>
    <abstract>
      <para>This file contains bird observations collected by volunteers along census tracks in the Parker River National Wildlife Refuge. Intervals of observations are approximately twice a month</para>
    </abstract>
    <keywordSet>
      <keyword>birds</keyword>
      <keyword>bird censuses</keyword>
      <keyword>Parker River National Wildlife Refuge</keyword>
    </keywordSet>
    <intellectualRights>
      <para>Acceptance and utilization of PIE-LTER data requires that:</para>
      <para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>The Principal Investigator be sent a notice stating reasons for acquiring any data and a description of the publication intentions.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>The Principal Investigator of the data set be sent a copy of the report or manuscript prior to submission and be adequately cited in any resultant publications</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>A copy of any resultant publications should be sent to: 
            <literalLayout>
Principal Investigator
Ecosystems Center
Marine Biological Laboratory
Woods Hole, MA 02543
</literalLayout></para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </para>
    </intellectualRights>
    <distribution>
      <online>
        <url>http://ecosystems.mbl.edu/PIE/data/MON/MON-EX-PRNWR-Volunteer-Birds.html</url>
      </online>
    </distribution>
    <coverage>
      <geographicCoverage id="GEO-1">
        <geographicDescription>Census units are linear tracks and observation points accessible by trails and from the refuge road at the Parker River National Wildlife Refuge.</geographicDescription>
        <boundingCoordinates>
          <westBoundingCoordinate></westBoundingCoordinate>
          <eastBoundingCoordinate></eastBoundingCoordinate>
          <northBoundingCoordinate></northBoundingCoordinate>
          <southBoundingCoordinate></southBoundingCoordinate>
        </boundingCoordinates>
      </geographicCoverage>
      <temporalCoverage>
        <rangeOfDates>
          <beginDate>
            <calendarDate>1994-03-23</calendarDate>
          </beginDate>
          <endDate>
            <calendarDate>2003-10-22</calendarDate>
          </endDate>
        </rangeOfDates>
      </temporalCoverage>
    </coverage>
    <maintenance>
      <description>
        <para></para>
      </description>
    </maintenance>
    <contact system="knb" id="im">
      <positionName>Data Manager</positionName>
      <address>
        <deliveryPoint>The Ecosystems Center</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint>Marine Biological Lab</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint>7 MBL St</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Woods Hole</city>
        <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>02543</postalCode>
        <country>USA</country>
      </address>
      <phone phonetype="voice">(508) 289 7485</phone>
      <electronicMailAddress>pie_im@mbl.edu</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl>http://ecosystems.mbl.edu/PIE/</onlineUrl>
    </contact>
    <publisher>
      <organizationName>Plum Island Ecosystems LTER</organizationName>
      <address>
        <deliveryPoint>The Ecosystems Center</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint>Marine Biological Lab</deliveryPoint>
        <deliveryPoint>7 MBL St</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Woods Hole</city>
        <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>02543</postalCode>
        <country>USA</country>
      </address>
      <phone phonetype="voice">(508) 289 7485</phone>
      <electronicMailAddress>pie_im@mbl.edu</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl>http://ecosystems.mbl.edu/PIE/</onlineUrl>
    </publisher>
    <methods>
      <methodStep>
        <description>
          <para>
            <literalLayout>
Counts carried out at semi monthly intervals along predetermined census tracks and observation points.  Observer recorded all birds seen while along each census unit.  Observer drove from place to place making observations along the way using binoculars and a spotting scope.
</literalLayout>
          </para>
        </description>
      </methodStep>
    </methods>
    <project>
      <title>Plum Island Ecosystems Long-Term Ecological Research (PIE LTER) Program</title>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
          <givenName>Anne</givenName>
          <surName>Giblin</surName>
        </individualName>
        <address>
          <deliveryPoint>The Ecosystems Center</deliveryPoint>
          <deliveryPoint>Marine Biological Lab</deliveryPoint>
          <deliveryPoint>7 MBL St</deliveryPoint>
          <city>Woods Hole</city>
          <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
          <postalCode>02543</postalCode>
          <country>USA</country>
        </address>
        <phone phonetype="voice">(508) 289 7488</phone>
        <electronicMailAddress>agiblin@mbl.edu</electronicMailAddress>
        <role>Lead PI</role>
      </personnel>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
          <givenName>Hap</givenName>
          <surName>Garritt</surName>
        </individualName>
        <address>
          <deliveryPoint>The Ecosystems Center</deliveryPoint>
          <deliveryPoint>Marine Biological Lab</deliveryPoint>
          <deliveryPoint>7 MBL St</deliveryPoint>
          <city>Woods Hole</city>
          <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
          <postalCode>02543</postalCode>
          <country>USA</country>
        </address>
        <phone phonetype="voice">(508) 289 7485</phone>
        <electronicMailAddress>pie_im@mbl.edu</electronicMailAddress>
        <role>Information Manager</role>
      </personnel>
      <abstract>
        <para>
          <literalLayout>
The Plum Island Ecosystems (PIE) LTER is an integrated research, education and outreach program whose goal is to develop a predictive understanding of the long-term response of watershed and estuarine ecosystems at the land-sea interface to changes in climate, land use and sea level. The principal study site is the Plum Island Sound estuary, its coupled Parker, Rowley and Ipswich River watersheds and the adjacent coastal ocean, the Gulf of Maine. The PIE LTER focuses on how several aspects of global change influence organic matter and inorganic nutrient biogeochemistry and estuarine foodwebs. The inputs of organic matter and nutrients from land, ocean and marshes interact with the external drivers (climate, land use, river discharge, sea level) to dictate the extent and degree of nutrient and organic matter processing and determine the spatial patterns of estuarine productivity and trophic structure.
</literalLayout>
        </para>
      </abstract>
      <funding>
        <para>This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants OCE-9726921, OCE-0423565. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in the material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.</para>
      </funding>
      <studyAreaDescription>
        <coverage>
          <geographicCoverage>
            <geographicDescription>The Plum Island Ecosystems (PIE) LTER site, is located in northeastern Massachusetts, 42.72 N, 70.85 W. The PIE LTER lies at the interface of a thinly soiled, formerly glaciated New England land mass and the highly productive Gulf of Maine. Three watersheds comprise the estuarine drainage basin: Parker (155 km2), Rowley (26 km2) and Ipswich (404 km2). The Ipswich River watershed is highly urbanized with Boston "bedroom" communities encroaching in the headwater region while the Parker is less urbanized and retains a higher proportion of forest.</geographicDescription>
            <boundingCoordinates>
              <westBoundingCoordinate>-71.2198</westBoundingCoordinate>
              <eastBoundingCoordinate>-70.7568</eastBoundingCoordinate>
              <northBoundingCoordinate>42.8276</northBoundingCoordinate>
              <southBoundingCoordinate>42.4965</southBoundingCoordinate>
              <boundingAltitudes>
                <altitudeMinimum>0</altitudeMinimum>
                <altitudeMaximum>100</altitudeMaximum>
                <altitudeUnits>meter</altitudeUnits>
              </boundingAltitudes>
            </boundingCoordinates>
          </geographicCoverage>
        </coverage>
      </studyAreaDescription>
    </project>
    <access authSystem="knb" order="allowFirst" scope="document">
      <allow>
        <principal>uid=PIE,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org</principal>
        <permission>all</permission>
      </allow>
      <allow>
        <principal>public</principal>
        <permission>read</permission>
      </allow>
    </access>
    <dataTable>
      <entityName>MON-EX-PRNWR-Volunteer-Birds.dat</entityName>
      <entityDescription>Bird observations collected by volunteers along census tracks in the Parker River National Wildlife Refuge, intervals of observations are approximately twice a month.</entityDescription>
      <physical>
        <objectName>MON-EX-PRNWR-Volunteer-Birds.dat</objectName>
        <dataFormat>
          <textFormat>
            <numHeaderLines>1</numHeaderLines>
            <attributeOrientation>column</attributeOrientation>
            <simpleDelimited>
              <fieldDelimiter>,</fieldDelimiter>
            </simpleDelimited>
          </textFormat>
        </dataFormat>
        <distribution>
          <online>
            <url>http://ecosystems.mbl.edu/PIE/data/MON/data/MON-EX-PRNWR-Volunteer-Birds.dat</url>
          </online>
        </distribution>
      </physical>
      <attributeList>
        <attribute id=" att0.1">
          <attributeName>Census Unit</attributeName>
          <attributeLabel>Census Unit</attributeLabel>
          <attributeDefinition>Code name of part of sampling route where observations were made</attributeDefinition>
          <measurementScale>
            <nominal>
              <nonNumericDomain>
                <enumeratedDomain>
                  <codeDefinition>
                    <code>beach</code>
                    <definition>observed from the open beach of Plum Island</definition>
                  </codeDefinition>
                  <codeDefinition>
                    <code>bfp</code>
                    <definition>Bill Forward Pool</definition>
                  </codeDefinition>
                  <codeDefinition>
                    <code>field</code>
                    <definition>field habitats</definition>
                  </codeDefinition>
                  <codeDefinition>
                    <code>marsh</code>
                    <definition>salt marsh</definition>
                  </codeDefinition>
                  <codeDefinition>
                    <code>np</code>
                    <definition>North Pool</definition>
                  </codeDefinition>
                  <codeDefinition>
                    <code>sip</code>
                    <definition>Stage Island Pool</definition>
                  </codeDefinition>
                </enumeratedDomain>
              </nonNumericDomain>
            </nominal>
          </measurementScale>
        </attribute>
        <attribute id=" att0.2">
          <attributeName>Date</attributeName>
          <attributeLabel>Date</attributeLabel>
          <attributeDefinition>The date of the survey</attributeDefinition>
          <measurementScale>
            <datetime>
              <formatString>dd-mmm-yyyy</formatString>
            </datetime>
          </measurementScale>
        </attribute>
        <attribute id=" att0.3">
          <attributeName>Start Time</attributeName>
          <attributeLabel>Start Time</attributeLabel>
          <attributeDefinition>Time census started in EST</attributeDefinition>
          <measurementScale>
            <datetime>
              <formatString>hh:mm 24 hr</formatString>
            </datetime>
          </measurementScale>
        </attribute>
        <attribute id=" att0.4">
          <attributeName>End Time</attributeName>
          <attributeLabel>End Time</attributeLabel>
          <attributeDefinition>Time census ended in EST</attributeDefinition>
          <measurementScale>
            <datetime>
              <formatString>hh:mm 24 hr</formatString>
            </datetime>
          </measurementScale>
        </attribute>
        <attribute id=" att0.5">
          <attributeName>Scientific Name</attributeName>
          <attributeLabel>Scientific Name</attributeLabel>
          <attributeDefinition>an abbreviation of the scientific name of the bird species. First two letters of genus in upper case, first five letters of species name in lower case</attributeDefinition>
          <measurementScale>
            <nominal>
              <nonNumericDomain>
                <textDomain>
                  <definition>an abbreviation of the scientific name of the bird species. First two letters of genus in upper case, first five letters of species name in lower case</definition>
                </textDomain>
              </nonNumericDomain>
            </nominal>
          </measurementScale>
        </attribute>
        <attribute id=" att0.6">
          <attributeName>Common Name</attributeName>
          <attributeLabel>Common Name</attributeLabel>
          <attributeDefinition>full common name of the bird species</attributeDefinition>
          <measurementScale>
            <nominal>
              <nonNumericDomain>
                <textDomain>
                  <definition>full common name of the bird species</definition>
                </textDomain>
              </nonNumericDomain>
            </nominal>
          </measurementScale>
        </attribute>
        <attribute id=" att0.7">
          <attributeName>Count</attributeName>
          <attributeLabel>Count</attributeLabel>
          <attributeDefinition>number of individuals of each species observed or heard at each census unit</attributeDefinition>
          <measurementScale>
            <ratio>
              <unit>
                <standardUnit>number</standardUnit>
              </unit>
              <numericDomain>
                <numberType>real</numberType>
              </numericDomain>
            </ratio>
          </measurementScale>
        </attribute>
        <attribute id=" att0.8">
          <attributeName>Comments</attributeName>
          <attributeLabel>Comments</attributeLabel>
          <attributeDefinition>comments about data</attributeDefinition>
          <measurementScale>
            <nominal>
              <nonNumericDomain>
                <textDomain>
                  <definition>comments about data</definition>
                </textDomain>
              </nonNumericDomain>
            </nominal>
          </measurementScale>
        </attribute>
      </attributeList>
    </dataTable>
  </dataset>
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