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Conditions of Use
The re-use of scientific data has the potential to greatly increase communication, collaboration and synthesis within and among disciplines, and thus is fostered, supported and encouraged. Permission to use this dataset is granted to the Data User free of charge subject to the following terms:
1) Acceptable use. Use of the dataset will be restricted to academic, research, educational, government, recreational, or other not-for-profit professional purposes. The Data User is permitted to produce and distribute derived works from this dataset provided that they are released under the same license terms as those accompanying this Data Set. Any other uses for the Data Set or its derived products will require explicit permission from the dataset owner.
2 ) Redistribution. The data are provided for use by the Data User. The metadata and this license must accompany all copies made and be available to all users of this Data Set. The Data User will not redistribute the original Data Set beyond this collaboration sphere.
3 ) Citation. It is considered a matter of professional ethics to acknowledge the work of other scientists. Thus, the Data User will properly cite the Data Set in any publications or in the metadata of any derived data products that were produced using the Data Set. Citation should take the following general form: Creator, Year of Data Publication, Title of Dataset, Publisher, Dataset identifier. For example:
Shaver, G. 1989. Above ground biomass in acidic tussock tundra experimental site, 1989, Arctic LTER, Toolik, Alaska. Arctic LTER, Marine Biological Lab, Woods Hole, Ma 02543. 1989gsttbm http://ecosystems.mbl.edu/arc/terrest/biomass/index.shtml
4 ) Acknowledgement. The Data User should acknowledge any institutional support or specific funding awards referenced in the metadata accompanying this dataset in any publications where the Data Set contributed significantly to its content. Acknowledgements should identify the supporting party, the party that received the support, and any identifying information such as grant numbers. For example:
Data sets were provided by the Arctic LTER. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants #DEB-981022, 9211775, 8702328; #OPP-9911278, 9911681, 9732281, 9615411, 9615563, 9615942, 9615949, 9400722, 9415411, 9318529; #BSR 9019055, 8806635, 8507493.
5 ) Notification. The Data User will notify the Data Set Contact when any derivative work or publication based on or derived from the Data Set is distributed. The Data User will provide the data contact with two reprints of any publications resulting from use of the Data Set and will provide copies, or on-line access to, any derived digital products. Notification will include an explanation of how the Data Set was used to produce the derived work.
6 ) Collaboration. The Data Set has been released in the spirit of open scientific collaboration. Data Users are thus strongly encouraged to consider consultation, collaboration and/or co-authorship with the Data Set Creator.
By accepting this Data Set, the Data User agrees to abide by the terms of this agreement. The Data Owner shall have the right to terminate this agreement immediately by written notice upon the Data User's breach of, or non-compliance with, any of its terms. The Data User may be held responsible for any misuse that is caused or encouraged by the Data User's failure to abide by the terms of this agreement.
Disclaimer
While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and documentation contained in this Data Set, complete accuracy of data and metadata cannot be guaranteed. All data and metadata are made available "as is". The Data User holds all parties involved in the production or distribution of the Data Set harmless for damages resulting from its use or interpretation.
| Dataset URLs: | METADATA: HTML, Rich Text, XML(EML compliant)
DATA: Comma Delimited, Excel file with Metadata and data |
| Dataset ID: | 2004-2009gsITEXharvestindices.03 |
| Dataset Title: | Vegetation indices calculated for ITEX harvest plots in 2004-2009 at Toolik, Alaska; Abisko, Sweden; Svalbard, Norway; Zackenberg, Northeast Greenland; and Barrow, Alaska |
| Investigator 1: | |
| First Name: | Gus | | Last Name: | Shaver | | Organization: | The Ecosystems Center, MBL | | Address line 2: | 7 MBL St. | | Address line 3: | | | City: | Woods Hole | | State: | MA | | Zip Code: | 02543 | | Country: | USA | | Associate Investigators: | |
| Keywords: | canopy, reflectance, spectra, Unispec, vegetation index, radiance, irradiance, NDVI, MODIS, EVI, EVI2, PRI, WBI, CHL, chlorophyll, harvest |
| Abstract: | A spectrophotometer was used to scan the canopy vegetation of ITEX harvest plots. The resulting reflectance spectra were used to calculate several vegetation indices of interest (NDVI, EVI, EVI2, PRI, WBI, Chlorophyll Index). Average values of these vegetation indices for each ITEX harvest plot are presented here. These plots also had biomass harvests performed and were analyzed for leaf area and nitrogen content (see 2003-2009gsharvest.csv, 2003-2009gsharvestLAI-N.csv).
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For questions about the Metadata and data contact the Investigators.
For information about this web site contact: |
Arctic LTER Information Manager
The Ecosystems Center
Marine Biological Lab
7 MBL St
Woods Hole, MA 02543
Phone (508) 289 7496
Email: arc_im@mbl.edu
Online URL: http://ecosystems.mbl.edu/ARC/ |
| DATA FILE INFORMATION: |
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| Data File URL |
http://metacat.lternet.edu/das/dataAccessServlet?docid=knb-lter-arc.10154&urlTail=terrest/tracegas/data/2004-2009gsITEXharvestindices.csv |
| Data File Name |
2004-2009gsITEXharvestindices.csv |
| Beginning Date |
7/15/2004 |
| End Date |
8/14/2009 |
| Number of Data Records |
137 |
| Other Files to Reference |
2004-2009gsITEXharvestspectra.csv, 2003-2009gsharvestLAI-N.csv, 2003-2009gsharvest.csv, 2004-2009gsITEXfluxspectra.csv,2004-2009gsITEXfluxindices.csv |
| Availability Status |
type 1 |
| Quality Control Information |
Reflectance values of less than zero or greater than one were replaced with "NaN" before indices were calculated |
| Maintenance Description |
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| Log of Changes: |
Updated Metadata sheet |
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Version 2: Updated to newer metadata with site sheet. CH March 2013. |
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Version 3: Corrected eml excel file name wrong extension. JimL 16May13 |
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| RESEARCH LOCATION: |
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| Location Name |
Toolik Field Station |
Imnavait Creek |
Abisko Stepps |
Abisko Paddus |
Abisko Latnjajare |
Adventdalen Svalbard, Norway |
Zackenberg Greenland |
Barrow Alaska |
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| Geographic Description |
Toolik Lake (68 degrees 38N, 149 degrees 34W) |
Imnavait Creek (68 degrees 37N, 149 degrees 18W) Alaska, U.S. |
"Stepps" site (68 degrees 18N, 18 degrees 51E) near Abisko, Sweden. |
Paddus (68 degrees 19N, 18 degrees 51E) near Abisko, Sweden. |
Latnjajaure (68 degrees 21N, 18 degrees 30E) near Abisko, Sweden. |
Adventdalen (78 degrees 13N, 15 degrees 38E) Svalbard, Norway. |
Zackenberg research area zone 1a (74º28’ N, 20º34’ W), Northeast Greenland. |
Barrow ( 71° 18' N, 156° 36' W) Alaska, USA. |
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| Latitude |
68.62405 |
68.6167 |
68.3 |
68.3167 |
68.35 |
78.2166666666667 |
74.4666666666667 |
71.31 |
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| Longitude |
-149.61058 |
-149.31 |
18.85 |
18.85 |
18.5 |
15.6333333333333 |
-19.4333333333333 |
-156.6 |
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| Link to Google Map |
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| TAXONOMIC COVERAGE: |
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| Methods: | METHODS:
For each ITEX harvest plot, a spectrophotometer (Unispec SC, PP Systems, Amesbury, Massachusetts, USA) was used to scan the canopy vegetation and produce reflectance spectra. The end of the fibre optic was centered above the harvest frame and held at a height above the ground surface that resulted in a view of the vegetation approximately the size of the frame. For most plots, only one replicate scan was performed.
The Unispec SC instrument generates reflectance spectra by measuring incoming irradiance and radiance reflected by the canopy vegetation. A foreoptic cable (UNI-684) extending from the machine is equipped with a ferrule over which a 100mm hypotube (UNI-688) is placed. This produces a field of view that extends at an angle of 20 degrees from the end of the hypotube. The hypotube is held vertically over the target vegetation during a data scan. The foreoptic cable is connected to a miniature photodiode array detector in the instrument that produce signals ranging from zero to 65,000 A/D counts for 256 wavebands. These wavebands represent 3.3 nm wide portions of the visible and near infrared spectrum from 310 to 1100 nm. A scan is performed over a period of milliseconds with the exact integration time determined by the user based on current light conditions.
At the time of data collection, a reference scan is performed by positioning the foreoptic cable over a white standard (UNI-420). This reference scan represents the incoming irradiance due to the highly reflective nature of the white standard. A dark scan is also performed by covering the foreoptic with a dark cloth. The raw signal from the dark scan is used by the machine to correct for background noise. Canopy reflectance is calculated for each waveband as follows using the program Multispec (available at http://specnet.info/specnet_toolkit.htm).:
Reflectance= (Icanopy / Ireference)
Icanopy= signal from foreoptic during data scan (radiance reflected from target vegetation)
Ireference= signal from the foreoptic during reflectance scan (incoming irradiance)
In most cases, data was processed and immediately interpolated from 3.3nm wavebands to single nanometer intervals in the Multispec program. For some of the data presented here, the reflectance spectra was originally produced for only for 3.3nm wavebands. This data was later linearly interpolated to produce spectra with 1 nm intervals to allow for compilation into this database.
Reflectance spectra were used to calculate the following vegetation indices for each replicate scan performed. Indices from replicate scans were then averaged to produce the values and standard deviations presented here.
Reflectance values equal to or less than zero were replaced with "NaN" before vegetation indices were calculated.
Reflectance values equal to or greater than one were also replaced with "NaN" before vegetation indices were calculated.
VEGETATION INDEX CALCULATIONS:
For MODIS indices, Spectral bands are defined as follows:
NIR=avg(841nm-876nm)
RED=avg(620nm-670nm)
Blue=avg(459nm-479nm)
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index
NDVI (MODIS) = (NIR-Red)/(NIR+Red)
Enhanced Vegetation Index
EVI (MODIS) =2.5*(NIR-Red)/(NIR+6*Red-7.5*Blue+1)
Enhanced Vegetation Index 2
EVI2 (MODIS) =2.5*((NIR-Red)/(NIR+2.4*Red+1))
Photochemical Reflective Index
PRI (550 Reference) =(550nm-531nm)/(550nm+531nm)
Photochemical Reflective Index
PRI (570 Ref) = (570nm -531nm)/(570nm+531nm)
Water Band Index
WBI= 900nm/970nm
Chlorophyll Index
CHL=(750nm-705nm)/(750nm+705nm)
RESEARCH LOCATIONS:
Toolik, AK, USA 2004
18 - 20x20 cm quadrat harvests were collected around Toolik Lake (16 harvests) and the Imnavait Creek watershed (2 harvests). All Toolik Lake harvests were from fertilized plots at the Toolik Lake Long Term Ecological Research Sites.
Abisko, Sweden 2005
12 - 26cm diameter harvests were taken from within ITEX flux plots.
Zackenberg, Greenland 2006
30 - 26cm diameter harvests
Barrow, AK, USA 2009
23- 20 cm diameter harvests
Toolik, AK, USA 2009
54- 20 cm diameter harvests
FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT: Gus Shaver, The Ecosystems Center, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, USA
OTHER DATA FILES TO REFERENCE:
2004-2009gsITEXfluxindices.csv (average vegetation indices calculated for all collection days)
2004-2009gsITEXfluxspectra.csv(full reflectance spectra for all ITEX flux plots)
2004-2009gsITEXharvestspectra.csv(full reflectance spectra for all ITEX harvest plots)
2003-2009gsharvest.csv(Data from biomass harvest of ITEX flux plots)
2003-2009gsharvestLAI-N.csv (LAI and N content of biomass harvest of ITEX harvest plots)
FORMAT OF DATA FILE: ASCII
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Data Table
| Variable Name |
Variable Description |
Data Type |
Units |
DateTime Format |
Code Information |
Missing Value Code |
| YEAR |
Year scan was made |
datetime |
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YYYY |
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| DATE |
Date scan was made |
datetime |
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DD-MMM-YYYY |
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| SITE |
Site where the plot is located |
text |
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| GROUP |
Group plot is associated with, subset of site |
text |
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| PLOT |
Plot identifier for area where scan was performed |
text |
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| TREAT |
Experimental treatment plot is undergoing |
text |
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| VEGETATION |
General description of canopy vegetation |
text |
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| PLOT SIZE |
Area of harvest plot |
text |
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| Count of REP |
Number of replicate scans performed on the plot. Index values were calculated for each scan and then averaged. |
number |
dimensionless |
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| Average of NDVI (MODIS) |
Average value of calculated NDVI (see METHODS, CALCULATIONS) |
number |
dimensionless |
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#N/A=Missing or Not Measured |
| StdDev of NDVI (MODIS) |
Standard Deviation of averaged NDVI (see METHODS, CALCULATIONS) |
number |
dimensionless |
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#N/A=Missing or Not Measured |
| Average of EVI (MODIS) |
Average value of calculated EVI (see METHODS, CALCULATIONS) |
number |
dimensionless |
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#N/A=Missing or Not Measured |
| StdDev of EVI (MODIS) |
Standard Deviation of averaged EVI (see METHODS, CALCULATIONS) |
number |
dimensionless |
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#N/A=Missing or Not Measured |
| Average of EVI2 (MODIS) |
Average value of calculated EVI2 (see METHODS, CALCULATIONS) |
number |
dimensionless |
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#N/A=Missing or Not Measured |
| StdDev of EVI2 (MODIS) |
Standard Deviation of averaged EVI2 (see METHODS, CALCULATIONS) |
number |
dimensionless |
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#N/A=Missing or Not Measured |
| Average of PRI (550 Reference) |
Average value of calculated PRI, 550 reference (see METHODS, CALCULATIONS) |
number |
dimensionless |
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#N/A=Missing or Not Measured |
| StdDev of PRI (550 Reference) |
Standard Deviation of averaged PRI, 550 reference (see METHODS, CALCULATIONS) |
number |
dimensionless |
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#N/A=Missing or Not Measured |
| Average of PRI (570 Reference) |
Average value of calculated PRI, 570 reference (see METHODS, CALCULATIONS) |
number |
dimensionless |
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#N/A=Missing or Not Measured |
| StdDev of PRI (570 Reference) |
Standard Deviation of averaged PRI, 570 reference (see METHODS, CALCULATIONS) |
number |
dimensionless |
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#N/A=Missing or Not Measured |
| Average of WBI |
Average value of calculated WBI (see METHODS, CALCULATIONS) |
number |
dimensionless |
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#N/A=Missing or Not Measured |
| StdDev of WBI |
Standard Deviation of average WBI (see METHODS, CALCULATIONS) |
number |
dimensionless |
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#N/A=Missing or Not Measured |
| Average of CHL |
Average value of calculated CHL (see METHODS, CALCULATIONS) |
number |
dimensionless |
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#N/A=Missing or Not Measured |
| StdDev of CHL |
Standard Deviation of averaged CHL (see METHODS, CALCULATIONS) |
number |
dimensionless |
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#N/A=Missing or Not Measured |
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Please contact arc_im@mbl.edu with questions, comments, or for technical assistance regarding this web site. |
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